Pseudosasa amabilis, a kind of bamboo coming specialty from the mountainous area, northwest of Guangdong Province. We applied ethnobotanical theory and culture anthropological methods to investigate its production history and ways. We concluded the origin of people’s knowledge and experiences in utilizing and production this plant and its impact for biodiversity protection. The results showed that: 170 years ago, it was exported abroad began, its populations suffering threaten and serious. Under the guidance of government in the 1980s, the origin of people have come up a scientific and reasonable planting, tending and management methods of Pseudosasa amabilis. In origin, the bamboo production supply the basis of survival and development foundation for the origin of people, about 80% families work on bamboo production, and more than 80% household income form this. Compare with 20-year-fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata), its value per hectare reduce 25% to 50%,. Need to correctly understand and use good quality and reputation, the local government should play a certain role in developing the production of bamboo, such as leading the local people to development of bamboo mix tree comprehensive management for socio-economic development and health, contribute to biodiversity conservation.
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